حافظه کاذب

در روانشناسی، حافظه کاذب (به انگلیسی: false memory) یک پدیده ای است در آن فرد چیزی را که اتفاق نیافتاده است را به یاد می‌آورد یا آن اتفاق به شکلی دیگر برای او رخ داده‌است.

خاطرات کاذب یکی از مؤلفه‌های سندرم حافظه کاذب (FMS) است.^[۱]

کودکان

حافظه کاذب غالباً برای کمک به قربانیان تجربه‌های عذاب آور^[۲] از جمله سوء استفاده جنسی در دوران کودکی در نظر گرفته می‌شود.^[۳]^[۴]^[۵]^[۶]

منابع

↑ "APA Dictionary of Psychology". dictionary.apa.org. Retrieved 2020-05-14.
↑ Carey, Benedict; Hoffman, Jan (25 September 2018). "They Say Sexual Assault, Kavanaugh Says It Never Happened: Sifting Truth From Memory". The New York Times. Memory, by its nature and necessity, is selective, its details subject to revision and dissipation. … “Recollection is always a reconstruction, to some extent — it's not a videotape that preserves every detail,” said Richard J. McNally, a professor of psychology at Harvard University and the author of Remembering Trauma. “The details are often filled in later, or dismissed, and guessing may become part of the memory. ”...Recalling an event draws on some of same areas of the brain that recorded it; in essence, to remember is to relive. Every time the mind summons the encoded experience, it can add details, subtract others and even alter the tone and point of the story. That reassembly, in turn, is freshly stored again, so that the next time it comes to mind it contains those edits. Using memory changes memory, as cognitive scientists say. For a victim, often the only stable elements are emotions and the tunnel-vision details: the dress she wore, the hand over her mouth
↑ Bremner, J.D.; Krystal, J.H.; Charney, D.S.; Southwick, S.M. (1996). "Neural Mechanisms in dissociative amnesia for childhood abuse: Relevance to the current controversy surrounding the "false memory syndrome"". American Journal of Psychiatry. 153 (7): 71–82. doi:10.1176/ajp.153.7.71. PMID 8659644.
↑ Davis, Joseph E. (2005). "Victim Narratives and Victim Selves: False Memory Syndrome and the Power of Accounts". Social Problems. 52 (4): 529–548. doi:10.1525/sp.2005.52.4.529.
↑ Ware, Robert C. (1995). "Scylla and Charybdis". Journal of Analytical Psychology. 40 (1): 5–22. doi:10.1111/j.1465-5922.1995.00005.x. PMID 7868381.
↑ Christianson, Sven-åke; Loftus, Elizabeth F. (1987). "Memory for traumatic events". Applied Cognitive Psychology. 1 (4): 225–239. doi:10.1002/acp.2350010402.

[1] "APA Dictionary of Psychology". dictionary.apa.org. Retrieved 2020-05-14.

[2] Carey, Benedict; Hoffman, Jan (25 September 2018). "They Say Sexual Assault, Kavanaugh Says It Never Happened: Sifting Truth From Memory". The New York Times. Memory, by its nature and necessity, is selective, its details subject to revision and dissipation. … “Recollection is always a reconstruction, to some extent — it's not a videotape that preserves every detail,” said Richard J. McNally, a professor of psychology at Harvard University and the author of Remembering Trauma. “The details are often filled in later, or dismissed, and guessing may become part of the memory. ”...Recalling an event draws on some of same areas of the brain that recorded it; in essence, to remember is to relive. Every time the mind summons the encoded experience, it can add details, subtract others and even alter the tone and point of the story. That reassembly, in turn, is freshly stored again, so that the next time it comes to mind it contains those edits. Using memory changes memory, as cognitive scientists say. For a victim, often the only stable elements are emotions and the tunnel-vision details: the dress she wore, the hand over her mouth

[Bremner2-3] Bremner, J.D.; Krystal, J.H.; Charney, D.S.; Southwick, S.M. (1996). "Neural Mechanisms in dissociative amnesia for childhood abuse: Relevance to the current controversy surrounding the "false memory syndrome"". American Journal of Psychiatry. 153 (7): 71–82. doi:10.1176/ajp.153.7.71. PMID 8659644.

[Davis-4] Davis, Joseph E. (2005). "Victim Narratives and Victim Selves: False Memory Syndrome and the Power of Accounts". Social Problems. 52 (4): 529–548. doi:10.1525/sp.2005.52.4.529.

[Ware-5] Ware, Robert C. (1995). "Scylla and Charybdis". Journal of Analytical Psychology. 40 (1): 5–22. doi:10.1111/j.1465-5922.1995.00005.x. PMID 7868381.

[Christianson-6] Christianson, Sven-åke; Loftus, Elizabeth F. (1987). "Memory for traumatic events". Applied Cognitive Psychology. 1 (4): 225–239. doi:10.1002/acp.2350010402.

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