مولوی: تفاوت میان نسخه‌ها
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خط ۵۰:
Halmann also notes that in the West, scholars have always accepted Rumi as Persian (ibid. :266) based on his cultural heritage. However, Halmann does not include some details such as: The Persian colloquial dialect of Rumi’s father (with many Soghdian words) in Vakhsh, as well as the overall negative view on Oghuz Turks, his son admitting that he is not much confident in his Turkish and Greek (Franklin 2008:239-240) and actually mentions he does not know Turkish well in at least two other poems, Rumi’s everyday language being a colloquial Persian evidenced by his sermons, speeches and lectures recorded down by his students, usage of Persian while composing his poetry in Sama’, as well Rumi being of the Persian Sufi heritage of Attār and Sanāi, and many other details which are explained elsewhere (e.g. Doostzadeh 2009b).</ref><ref>Doostzadeh, Ali (2009b). A Study about the Persian Cultural Legacy and Background of the Sufi Mystics Shams Tabrizi and Jalal al-Din Rumi</ref><ref>{{یادکرد دانشنامه | مقاله = A Study about the Persian Cultural Legacy and Background of the Sufi Mystics Shams Tabrizi and Jalal al-Din Rumi| دانشنامه =archive.org | نشانی =https://archive.org/details/AStudyAboutThePersianCulturalLegacyAndBackgroundOfTheSufiMystics_323| تاریخ بازبینی =۸ مهٔ ۲۰۱۴ | زبان = انگلیسی}}</ref> [[زبان پارسی|پارسی‌گوی]] است.<ref name="John Renard 2005. pg 155"/><ref>Annemarie Schimmel, “The Mystery of Numbers”, Oxford University Press,1993. Pg 49: “A beautiful symbol of the duality that appears through creation was invented by the great Persian mystical poet Jalal al-Din Rumi, who compares God's creative word kun (written in Arabic KN) with a twisted rope of 2 threads (which in English twine, in German Zwirn¸ both words derived from the root “two”) ”.</ref><ref>Ritter, H. ; Bausani, A. "ḎJ̲alāl al- Dīn Rūmī b. Bahāʾ al-Dīn Sulṭān al-ʿulamāʾ Walad b. Ḥusayn b. Aḥmad Ḵh̲aṭībī ." Encyclopaedia of Islam. Edited by: P. Bearman , Th. Bianquis , C.E. Bosworth , E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2007. Brill Online. Excerpt: "known by the sobriquet Mewlānā, persian poet and founder of the Mewlewiyya order of dervishes"</ref><ref>Julia Scott Meisami, Forward to Franklin Lewis, Rumi Past and Present, East and West, Oneworld Publications, 2008 (revised edition)</ref><ref>Frederick Hadland Davis , "The Persian Mystics. Jalálu'd-Dín Rúmí", Adamant Media Corporation (November 30, 2005) , {{ISBN|978-1-4021-5768-4|en}}.</ref><ref>Franklin Lewis, Rumi Past and Present, East and West, Oneworld Publications, 2000. “Sultan Valad (Rumi's son) elsewhere admits that he has little knowledge of Turkish” (pg 239) “Sultan Valad (Rumi's son) did not feel confident about his <command of Turkish” (pg 240)</ref> نام کامل وی «محمد بن محمد بن حسین حسینی خطیبی بکری بلخی» بوده و در دوران حیات به القاب «جلال‌الدین»، «خداوندگار» و «مولانا خداوندگار» نامیده می‌شده‌است. در قرن‌های بعد (ظاهراً از قرن ۹) القاب «مولوی»، «مولانا»، «مولوی رومی» و «ملای رومی» برای وی به کار رفته‌است و از برخی از اشعارش تخلص او را «خاموش» و «خَموش» و «خامُش» دانسته‌اند. زبان مادری وی پارسی بوده‌است.<ref>Annemarie Schimmel, The Triumphal Sun: A Study of the Works of Jalaloddin Rumi, SUNY Press, 1993, p. 193: "Rumi's mother tongue was Persian, but he had learned during his stay in Konya, enough Turkish and Greek to use it, now and then, in his verse"</ref>
نفوذ
بیشتر آثار مولوی به زبان [[زبان فارسی|فارسی]] سروده شده است، اما در اشعارش بندرت از ترکی، [[زبان عربی|عربی]] و [[کاپادوکیه|کاپادوسیه‌ای]] یونانی نیز استفاده کرده‌است.<ref>Meyer, G. 1895. Die griechischen Verse in Rabâbnâma. Byzantinische Zeitschrift 4: 401–411</ref><ref>Δέδες, Δ. 1993. Ποιήματα του Μαυλανά Ρουμή. Τα Ιστορικά 10.18–19: 3–22</ref><ref>{{یادکرد کتاب|عنوان=Rumi - Past and Present, East and West: The Life, Teachings, and Poetry of Jalâl al-Din Rumi|نشانی=https://books.google.com/books?id=PFsQBwAAQBAJ&pg=PT14&lpg=PT14&dq=On+the+question+of+Rumi%27s+multilingualism&source=bl&ots=H4oj7vkzuz&sig=ACfU3U1RbHOIe-rqrOPsDjiDKqJOUhp-cw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjxrfa5wojhAhUCSq0KHdGgA7gQ6AEwAHoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=On%20the%20question%20of%20Rumi%27s%20multilingualism&f=false|ناشر=Oneworld Publications|تاریخ=2014-10-18|شابک=9781780747378|زبان=en|نام=Franklin D|نام خانوادگی=Lewis|سال=|مکان=UK|صفحات=}}</ref> مثنوی معنوی او که در قونیه تصنیف شده‌است یکی از عالی‌ترین اشعار [[زبان فارسی]] به‌شمار می‌رود.<ref>{{cite book|first=Louis|last=Gardet|chapter=Religion and Culture|title=The Cambridge History of Islam, Part VIII: Islamic Society and Civilization|editor-first=P.M.|editor-last=Holt|editor2-first=Ann K.S.|editor2-last=Lambton|editor3-first=Bernard|editor3-last=Lewis|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1977|page=586|quote=It is sufficient to mention 'Aziz al-Din Nasafi, Farid al-Din 'Attar and Sa'adi, and above all Jalal al-Din Rumi, whose Mathnawi remains one of the purest literary glories of Persia}}</ref><ref>C.E. Bosworth, "Turkmen Expansion towards the west" in UNESCO History of Humanity, Volume IV, titled "From the Seventh to the Sixteenth Century", UNESCO Publishing / Routledge, p. 391: "While the Arabic language retained its primacy in such spheres as law, theology and science, the culture of the Seljuk court and secular literature within the sultanate became largely Persianized; this is seen in the early adoption of Persian epic names by the Seljuk rulers (Qubād, Kay Khusraw and so on) and in the use of Persian as a literary language (Turkmen must have been essentially a vehicle for everyday speech at this time). The process of Persianization accelerated in the 13th century with the presence in Konya of two of the most distinguished refugees fleeing before the Mongols, Bahā' al-Dīn Walad and his son Mawlānā Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī, whose Mathnawī, composed in Konya, constitutes one of the crowning glories of classical Persian literature."</ref> آثار او به‌طور گسترده در سراسر [[ایران بزرگ|ایرانِ بزرگ]] خوانده می‌شود<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.rferl.org/content/Interview_Many_Americans_Love_RumiBut_They_Prefer_He_Not_Be_Muslim/2122973.html|title=Interview: 'Many Americans Love Rumi...But They Prefer He Not Be Muslim'|date=2010-08-09|newspaper=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty|language=English|access-date=2016-08-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/LH14Ak01.html|title=Interview: A mystical journey with Rumi|last=|first=|date=|website=Asia Times|publisher=|access-date=2016-08-22}}</ref> و ترجمه آثار او در ترکیه، آذربایجان، ایالات متحده، و جنوب آسیا بسیار پرطرفدار و محبوب هستند.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.omifacsimiles.com/brochures/divan.html|title=Dîvân-i Kebîr Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī|last=|first=|date=|website=OMI – Old Manuscripts & Incunabula|publisher=|access-date=2016-08-22}}</ref>
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