خداناباوری: تفاوت میان نسخه‌ها

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InternetArchiveBot (بحث | مشارکت‌ها)
نجات ۱ منبع و علامت‌زدن ۰ به‌عنوان مرده.) #IABot (v2.0
Manoochehrgheibi (بحث | مشارکت‌ها)
بی خدایی کفر مطلق است .
برچسب‌ها: ویرایش همراه ویرایش از برنامهٔ همراه ویرایش با برنامهٔ اندروید
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{{نوارکناری بی‌خدایی}}{{نوارکناری بی‌دینی}}{{خدا}}'''خداناباوری'''،<ref>برابر فارسی واژهٔ «آتئیست»، «خداناباور» است و نه «ناخداباور»؛ زیرا «ناخداباور»، یعنی کسی که به ناخدا، باور دارد. (شیدای سمنانی، مهرداد/انصاری سمنانی، مهدی، [[هزاران جستار و نکته... دربارۀ نویسندگی و ویرایش]])</ref> '''بی‌خدایی''' یا '''آتئیسم'''<ref>[[دستور خط فارسی]] (مصوّب فرهنگستان زبان و ادب فارسی)، جدول شمارهٔ ۳ (راهنمای کتابت همزه)، چاپ نهم ۱۳۸۹.</ref> {{به فرانسه|Athéisme}}، در جامع‌ترین معنا، ''فقدان'' [[باور دینی|باور]] به وجود خدا یا خدایان است.<ref>* {{Cite encyclopedia|first=Kai|last=Nielsen|authorlink=Kai Nielsen|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]|title=Atheism|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/40634/atheism|year=۲۰۱۰|accessdate=۲۰۱۰-۰۲-۰۱|quote=Atheism, in general, the critique and denial of metaphysical beliefs in God or spiritual beings.... Instead of saying that an atheist is someone who believes that it is false or probably false that there is a God, a more adequate characterization of atheism consists in the more complex claim that to be an atheist is to be someone who rejects belief in God for the following reasons (which reason is stressed depends on how God is being conceived)...}}
* {{Cite encyclopedia|title=Atheism|first=Paul|last=Edwards|authorlink=Paul Edwards (philosopher)|publisher=MacMillan Reference USA (Gale)|editor=Donald M. Borchert|origyear=۱۹۶۷|year=۲۰۰۵|edition=۲nd|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopedia of Philosophy|The Encyclopedia of Philosophy]]|volume=Vol. ۱|page=۳۵۹|isbn=0-02-865780-2|ISBN 13=۹۷۸۰۰۲۸۶۵۷۸۰۶|quote=On our definition, an 'atheist' is a person who rejects belief in God, regardless of whether or not his reason for the rejection is the claim that 'God exists' expresses a false proposition. People frequently adopt an attitude of rejection toward a position for reasons other than that it is a false proposition. It is common among contemporary philosophers, and indeed it was not uncommon in earlier centuries, to reject positions on the ground that they are meaningless. Sometimes, too, a theory is rejected on such grounds as that it is sterile or redundant or capricious, and there are many other considerations which in certain contexts are generally agreed to constitute good grounds for rejecting an assertion.}}(page 175 in 1967 edition)</ref> خداناباوری در معنایی کم‌تر جامع، ''ردکردن'' این اعتقاد است که [[الوهیت|خدایی]] وجود دارد.<ref name="RoweRoutledge">{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=lnuwFH_M5o0C&pg=PA530&lpg=PA530&dq=atheism+routledge&source=bl&ots=D7oHkocuKE&sig=IOLNADKE-9gpnREO-S8QJfJft3g&hl=en&ei=3kpQS8_sBYyQtgOKltGKCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CB8Q6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=atheism%20routledge&f=false|first=William L.|last=Rowe|authorlink=William L. Rowe|encyclopedia=[[Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy]]|title=Atheism|year=۱۹۹۸|editor=Edward Craig|accessdate=۲۰۱۰-۰۲-۰۱|isbn=978-0-415-07310-3|publisher=Taylor & Francis|quote=As commonly understood, atheism is the position that affirms the nonexistence of God. So an atheist is someone who disbelieves in God, whereas a theist is someone who believes in God. Another meaning of "atheism" is simply nonbelief in the existence of God, rather than positive belief in the nonexistence of God. …an atheist, in the broader sense of the term, is someone who disbelieves in every form of deity, not just the God of traditional Western theology.}}</ref> در معنایی حتی محدودتر، خداناباوری، به‌طور مشخص این موضع است که هیچ خدایی وجود ندارد.<ref>[[religioustolerance.org]]'s short article on [http://www.religioustolerance.org/atheist4.htm Definitions of the term "Atheism"] suggests that there is no consensus on the definition of the term. [[سیمون بلک‌برن|Simon Blackburn]] summarizes the situation in [[The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy]]: "Atheism. Either the lack of belief in a god, or the belief that there is none". Most dictionaries (see the OneLook query for [http://www.onelook.com/?w=atheism&ls=a "atheism"]) first list one of the more narrow definitions.