موتورسیکلت استریت فایتر

استریت فایتر (به معنای جنگجو خیابانی) به نوعی از موتورسیکلت با انجین قدرتمند و اسب بخار بالا گفته می‌شود. این موتورسیکلت‌ها معمولاً موتورسیکلت‌های فوق‌العاده ای هستند که محافظ باد و شیشهٔ جلوی آن‌ها برداشته شده‌است.^[۱]^[۲] فراتر از حذف ساده شیشهٔ جلو، تغییرات خاصی که نمای خیابان فایترها را نشان می‌دهد عبارتند از یک جفت چراغ جلوی بزرگ و گرد، طول فرمون بلند و شیبدار به سمت بالا، صدا خفه کن‌های سبک‌وزن و همچنین تغییراتی در دنده‌ها برای افزایش گشتاور و شتاب در سرعت‌های پایین‌تر. Streetfighters همچنین نام یک مجله موتورسیکلت در بریتانیا است.^[۳]

استریت فایترهای بعدی از فریم‌های سفارشی برای غلبه بر ضعف فریم‌های فولادی استفاده شده در سوپر موتورسیکلت‌های ۴ سیلندر اولیه در دهه‌های ۱۹۷۰ و ۱۹۸۰ استفاده کردند. بسیاری از این فریم‌ها به عنوان تکه‌های زیبایی از هنر متالورژیکی در نظر گرفته می‌شوند.^[۴] بسیاری از آنها نیز در اصل موتورسیکلت‌های مسابقه ای بودند.^[۵]

این نوع موتورسیکلت سفارشی که توسط موتورسواران اروپایی محبوب شد،^[۶] محبوبیت جهانی پیدا کرد و در ادامه سازندگان موتورسیکلت در اواخر دهه ۱۹۹۰ با انجام اصلاحاتی^[۷] به تولید استریت فایترهای ساخته شده در کارخانه‌ها پرداختند. شرکت سازندهٔ موتورسیکلت تریومپ در سال ۱۹۹۴،^[۸] هوندا در سال ۱۹۹۹،^[۹] و استریت فایترهای تولید شده توسط دوکاتی در سال ۲۰۰۹ از اولین نسخه‌های این سبک از موتورسیکلت هستند.

تاریخچه ویرایش

۲۰۱۴ Triumph Street Triple R

اگرچه ریشه‌های سبک خود را از فرهنگ مسابقه‌ای کافه‌ای در دهه‌های ۱۹۵۰ و ۱۹۶۰ دارند، اما استریت فایترها از موتورسیکلت‌های ژاپنی که در اواخر دهه ۱۹۷۰ و اوایل دهه ۱۹۸۰ تولید می‌شدند نیز الهام گرفته‌اند.^[۱۰] بعداً چراغ‌های جلوی مناسب‌تر و سپس فرمان‌های بلندتر برای کمک به کنترل و دور زدن راحت تر اضافه شدند.^[۱۱]^[۱۲]

اولین بار الگوی طراحی استریت فایتر در مجله Bike در سال ۱۹۸۳ مشاهده شد. عنوان آن Bloodrunners بود و موتورسوارانی را نشان می‌داد که خون و اعضای بدن زنده انسان را برای عملیات پیوند به بیمارستان‌ها می‌رساندند و آنها در آن تصویر با موتورهای توربو، بدون قطعات جانبی، سوار بر چهار موتور بزرگ ژاپنی بودند. محافظ باد در جلو، آینه‌ها، صندلی‌های پایه و گیره‌های عقب و غیره همگی به نفع سبکی و قابلیت کنترل بهتر حذف شده بودند. اگزوزها زیر صندلی، چراغ‌های جلوی دوگانه و لاستیک‌ها، پهن‌ترین لاستیک‌های اسپورت بودند.

هنرپیشه هاگی لیور برای سفارش دادن موتورسیکلت سفارشی‌سازی شدهٔ خودش در این سبک، شناخته شده‌است و بعد از او در اواخر دهه ۱۹۸۰، تعداد استریت فایترها در لندن افزایش یافت. اصطلاح استریت فایتر برای اولین بار توسط یک عکاس خبری و سازنده موتورسیکلت بریتانیایی به موتورسیکلت‌های خیابانی سفارشی سازی شده برای استفادهٔ ورزشی توسط شرکت هارلی دیویدسون اطلاق شد.^[۱۳]

جستارهای وابسته ویرایش

موتور سیکلت استاندارد
طرح کلی موتورسیکلت و موتورسواری

منابع ویرایش

↑ Wallis, Michael; Clark, Marian (2004), Hogs on 66: Best Feed and Hangouts for Road Trips on Route 66, Council Oak Books, ISBN 978-1-57178-140-6, Streetfighter -- Also known as a 'hooligan' cycle, this is a sports-bike stripped of all superfluous bodywork.
↑ Doeden, Matt; Leonard, Joe (2007), Choppers, Lerner Publications, ISBN 978-0-8225-7288-6, streetfighter: a type of superbike customized for maximum speed and performance.
↑ Streetfighters, WorldCat, ISSN 0961-9453
↑ Seate, Mike (2007), How to Build a Pro Streetbike, MBI Publishing Company, pp. 92–3 ff, ISBN 978-0-7603-2450-9, [In London in the early 1990s,] I noticed an odd-looking motorcycle idling loudly across the crowded intersection. The bike's upside-down front end was topped by a pair of oversized headlights that appeared to have been stolen from a car. The rider's gloved hands clutched a set of what looked like handlebars from a motocross bike, while the exhaust can -- or what little remained of it -- was burbling like a beehive on fire.
Was this a prop from Mel Gibson's Road Warrior? Some poor motorcycle courier who had dropped his machine so many times that he'd refused to replace his damaged fairing? [more]
↑ Caught naked by A Cathcart - Motorcycle Sport and Leisure, 2002
↑ Motorcycling for Dummies - Page 69. Bill Kresnak. 2008
↑ Categorization bases and their influence on product category knowledge structures. JA Rosa, JF Porac - Psychology and Marketing, 2002
↑ Brooke, A. Lindsay (2002), Triumph motorcycles: a century of passion and power, MotorBooks/MBI Publishing Company, p. 160, ISBN 978-0-7603-0456-3
↑ de Cet, Mirco (2002), The illustrated directory of motorcycles, MotorBooks/MBI Publishing Company, p. 214, ISBN 978-0-7603-1417-3^{^{[پیوند مرده]}}
↑ Street Bikes by R Eagen 2007
↑ Inman, Gary (June 2008), "Freedom Fighter; Triumph's stripped-down sportbike came from the street", Cycle World: 36–7, ISSN 0011-4286, The origins of the species are disputed. Some say that the Germans put high-bar conversions on sportbikes to lessen the soft tissue damage of the annual high-mileage pilgrimage to the Isle of Man for the TT races, and these were the first streetfighters. Others say -- and I agree -- that young British GSX-R riders removed their bike' fairings after crashes. They were already up to their Simpson Bandits debt to buy the bikes; they still owed three years of payments and dared not claim on the insurance for fear of having their policies loaded to the point they were priced off the road. The situation wasn't helped by the Japanese firms' replacement-parts pricing structure making new bodywork out of the question. And the old oil-cooled Gixxer Four is just about the best looking Japanese motorcycle ever, so why not show it off?
↑ Seate, Mike (2007), How to Build a Pro Streetbike, MBI Publishing Company, p. 95, ISBN 978-0-7603-2450-9, ...examples of the style began showing up almost by accident (pardon the pun) on the stunt riding scene early on. Just as many European riders had crafted naked bikes out of crash-damaged sportbikes, many American freestyle riders simply came to the conclusion that their CBR 900RR would ride better on one wheel with the fairing removed, the clip-ons traded for a set of tubular bars, and a custom bent exhaust pipe that didn't scrape on the pavement during wheelies.
↑ Inman, Gary (June 2008), "Freedom Fighter; Triumph's stripped-down sports-bike came from the street", Cycle World: 37, While the exact genesis of the breed may be up for interpretation, the first use of the evocative name of these bikes is not: My friend Clink coined it. This British photojournalist and serial bike builder used it first to describe a Harley. A hot-rodded Harley custom that used sportbike suspension and eschewed the chrome and engraving of the day for powder-coating and motorsport finishes. Clink also noticed the groundswell of Japanese custom sports-bikes being built, mainly in the north of England, that would be described as streetfighters. He is related to these bikes in the same way Tom Wolfe is to Kandy-Kolored Tangerine Flake Streamline Babies.

پیوند به بیرون ویرایش

Triumph StreetFighter

[1] Wallis, Michael; Clark, Marian (2004), Hogs on 66: Best Feed and Hangouts for Road Trips on Route 66, Council Oak Books, ISBN 978-1-57178-140-6, Streetfighter -- Also known as a 'hooligan' cycle, this is a sports-bike stripped of all superfluous bodywork.

[2] Doeden, Matt; Leonard, Joe (2007), Choppers, Lerner Publications, ISBN 978-0-8225-7288-6, streetfighter: a type of superbike customized for maximum speed and performance.

[3] Streetfighters, WorldCat, ISSN 0961-9453

[4] Seate, Mike (2007), How to Build a Pro Streetbike, MBI Publishing Company, pp. 92–3 ff, ISBN 978-0-7603-2450-9, [In London in the early 1990s,] I noticed an odd-looking motorcycle idling loudly across the crowded intersection. The bike's upside-down front end was topped by a pair of oversized headlights that appeared to have been stolen from a car. The rider's gloved hands clutched a set of what looked like handlebars from a motocross bike, while the exhaust can -- or what little remained of it -- was burbling like a beehive on fire.
Was this a prop from Mel Gibson's Road Warrior? Some poor motorcycle courier who had dropped his machine so many times that he'd refused to replace his damaged fairing? [more]

[5] Caught naked by A Cathcart - Motorcycle Sport and Leisure, 2002

[6] Motorcycling for Dummies - Page 69. Bill Kresnak. 2008

[7] Categorization bases and their influence on product category knowledge structures. JA Rosa, JF Porac - Psychology and Marketing, 2002

[8] Brooke, A. Lindsay (2002), Triumph motorcycles: a century of passion and power, MotorBooks/MBI Publishing Company, p. 160, ISBN 978-0-7603-0456-3

[9] Cet, Mirco (2002), The illustrated directory of motorcycles, MotorBooks/MBI Publishing Company, p. 214, ISBN 978-0-7603-1417-3^{^{[پیوند مرده]}}

[10] Street Bikes by R Eagen 2007

[Inman1-11] Inman, Gary (June 2008), "Freedom Fighter; Triumph's stripped-down sportbike came from the street", Cycle World: 36–7, ISSN 0011-4286, The origins of the species are disputed. Some say that the Germans put high-bar conversions on sportbikes to lessen the soft tissue damage of the annual high-mileage pilgrimage to the Isle of Man for the TT races, and these were the first streetfighters. Others say -- and I agree -- that young British GSX-R riders removed their bike' fairings after crashes. They were already up to their Simpson Bandits debt to buy the bikes; they still owed three years of payments and dared not claim on the insurance for fear of having their policies loaded to the point they were priced off the road. The situation wasn't helped by the Japanese firms' replacement-parts pricing structure making new bodywork out of the question. And the old oil-cooled Gixxer Four is just about the best looking Japanese motorcycle ever, so why not show it off?

[12] Seate, Mike (2007), How to Build a Pro Streetbike, MBI Publishing Company, p. 95, ISBN 978-0-7603-2450-9, ...examples of the style began showing up almost by accident (pardon the pun) on the stunt riding scene early on. Just as many European riders had crafted naked bikes out of crash-damaged sportbikes, many American freestyle riders simply came to the conclusion that their CBR 900RR would ride better on one wheel with the fairing removed, the clip-ons traded for a set of tubular bars, and a custom bent exhaust pipe that didn't scrape on the pavement during wheelies.

[13] Inman, Gary (June 2008), "Freedom Fighter; Triumph's stripped-down sports-bike came from the street", Cycle World: 37, While the exact genesis of the breed may be up for interpretation, the first use of the evocative name of these bikes is not: My friend Clink coined it. This British photojournalist and serial bike builder used it first to describe a Harley. A hot-rodded Harley custom that used sportbike suspension and eschewed the chrome and engraving of the day for powder-coating and motorsport finishes. Clink also noticed the groundswell of Japanese custom sports-bikes being built, mainly in the north of England, that would be described as streetfighters. He is related to these bikes in the same way Tom Wolfe is to Kandy-Kolored Tangerine Flake Streamline Babies.

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