دودمان خلجی: تفاوت میان نسخه‌ها

سلسله خلجی (به [[زبان هندی|هندی]]: सलतनत ख़िलजी) یک سلسله پادشاهی [[مردمان ترک|ترکی]]-[[افغان‌ها|افغان]]<ref name="Indian Institute of Advanced Study">{{cite book |last1=Khan |first1=Yusuf Husain |title=Indo-Muslim Polity (Turko-Afghan Period) |year=1971 |publisher=Indian Institute of Advanced Study |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a-_2b1sxbtAC&q=turco-afghan+khalji |language=en}}</ref> در [[شبه‌قاره هند]] و پایتخت آن [[دهلی]] بود<ref>{{یادکرد وب|عنوان=خلجی {{!}} لغت‌نامه دهخدا|نشانی=http://www.vajehyab.com/dehkhoda/خلجی|وبگاه=www.vajehyab.com|بازبینی=2021-02-26}}</ref><ref name="asi.nic.in">{{cite web|url=http://asi.nic.in/asi_epigraphical_arabicpersian.asp|title=Arabic and Persian Epigraphical Studies - Archaeological Survey of India|date=|accessdate=2010-11-14|publisher=Asi.nic.in|archive-date=10 ژانویه 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110123259/http://asi.nic.in/}}</ref><ref name="Parmar">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=opbtAAAAMAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s|title=South Asia: a historical narrative|last1=Yunus|first1=Mohammad|authorlink=|author2=Aradhana Parmar|publisher=Oxford University Press|accessdate=2010-08-23|year=2003|isbn=0-19-579711-6|location=|=97}}</ref> که در میان سال‌های ۱۲۹۰ تا ۱۳۲۰ میلادی در بخش گسترده‌ای از [[جنوب آسیا]] حکمرانی می‌کرد. این سلسله توسط [[جلال‌الدین فیروز خلجی]] تأسیس شد و دومین سلسله [[سلطنت دهلی]] بود. سلسله خلجی بخاطر فتوحاتش در جنوب [[هند]] و دفع حملات پی‌درپی [[مغول]] به [[هند]] شناخته شده‌است.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=FIIQhuAOGaIC|title=The state at war in South Asia|last1=Barua|first1=Pradeep|authorlink=|publisher=U of Nebraska Press|accessdate=2010-08-23|year=2005|isbn=0-8032-1344-1|location=|page=437}}</ref>

خاندان خلجی اصالتی [[مردمان ترک|ترکی]]-[[افغان‌ها|افغان]]<ref name="Indian Institute of Advanced Study">{{cite book |last1=Khan |first1=Yusuf Husain |title=Indo-Muslim Polity (Turko-Afghan Period) |year=1971 |publisher=Indian Institute of Advanced Study |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a-_2b1sxbtAC&q=turco-afghan+khalji |language=en}}</ref> داشتند. گفته می‌شود اجدادشان، [[خلج‌ها]] در ابتدا قومی ترک‌تبار از [[آسیای میانه]] بودند و به همراه [[هون‌های ایرانی]] و [[هپتالیان|هپتالی‌ها]] به مناطق جنوبی و شرقی [[افغانستان]] امروزی مهاجرت کردند.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ḴALAJ i. TRIBE – Encyclopaedia Iranica|url=https://iranicaonline.org/articles/khalaj-i-tribe-turkistan|access-date=2021-01-15|website=iranicaonline.org}}</ref> آنها از اوایل سال ۶۶۰ تا سال ۸۷۰ میلادی به عنوان سلسله [[ترک شاهیان|کابل شاهیان]] بر منطقه کابل فرمانروایی کردند.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Rezakhani|first=Khodadad|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bjRWDwAAQBAJ&q=Turk+shahis+khalaj&pg=PA165|title=ReOrienting the Sasanians: East Iran in Late Antiquity|date=2017-03-15|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|isbn=978-1-4744-0030-5|location=|pages=165|language=en|quote=A Bactrian Document (BD T) from this period brings interesting information about the area to our attention. In it, dated to BE 476 (701 AD), a princess identified as `Bag-aziyas, the Great Turkish Princess, the Queen of Qutlugh Tapaghligh Bilga Sävüg, the Princess of the Khalach, the Lady of Kadagestan offers alms to the local god of the region of Rob, known as Kamird, for the health of (her) child. Inaba, arguing for the Khalaj identity of the kings of Kabul, takes this document as a proof that the Khalaj princess is from Kabul and has been offered to the (Hephthalite) king of Kadagestan, thus becoming the lady of that region. The identification of Kadagestan as a Hephthalite stronghold is based on Grenet's suggestion of the survival of Hephthalite minor stares in this region,' and is in con-}}</ref> خلج‌ها از همان آغاز آمدن به ولایات پشتون نشین، در حال گذراندن فرایند جذب در [[قبیله‌های پشتون|سیستم قبایلی پشتون]] بودند و از سوی اشراف‌زادگان ترک [[سلطنت دهلی]]، با آنها به عنوان [[پشتون‌ها|افغان]] رفتار می‌شد.<ref name="Ashirbadi">{{cite book|author=Ashirbadi Lal Srivastava|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bdw9AAAAMAAJ|title=The History of India, 1000 A.D. -1707 A.D.|publisher=Shiva Lal Agarwala|year=1966|edition=Second|page=98|oclc=575452554|postscript=:"His ancestors, after having migrated from Turkistan, had lived for over 200 years in the Helmand valley and Lamghan, parts of Afghanistan called Garmasir or the hot region, and had adopted Afghan manners and customs. They were, therefore, wrongly looked upon as Afghans by the Turkish nobles in India as they had intermarried with local Afghans and adopted their customs and manners. They were looked down as non Turks by Turks."}}</ref><ref name="Eraly">{{cite book|author=Abraham Eraly|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vyEoAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT178|title=The Age of Wrath: A History of the Delhi Sultanate|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2015|isbn=978-93-5118-658-8|page=126|postscript=:"The prejudice of Turks was however misplaced in this case, for Khaljis were actually ethnic Turks. But they had settled in Afghanistan long before the Turkish rule was established there, and had over the centuries adopted Afghan customs and practices, intermarried with the local people, and were therefore looked down on as non-Turks by pure-bred Turks."|author-link=Abraham Eraly}}</ref><ref name="Chaurasia">{{cite book|author=Radhey Shyam Chaurasia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8XnaL7zPXPUC|title=History of medieval India: from 1000 A.D. to 1707 A.D.|publisher=Atlantic|year=2002|isbn=81-269-0123-3|page=28|postscript=:"The Khaljis were a Turkish tribe but having been long domiciled in Afghanistan, had adopted some Afghan habits and customs. They were treated as Afghans in Delhi Court. They were regarded as barbarians. The Turkish nobles had opposed the ascent of Jalal-ud-din to the throne of Delhi."}}</ref>